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# C/C++ Programming ## Labo 3 --- ```mermaid kanban column1[Content] task1[Clang-tidy bugprone-exception-escape] task2[Using the vscode debugger] task3[STL containers exercises] task4[Error handling exercises] ``` --- ## Devcontainer <https://gitlab.apstudent.be/cpp-programming/devcontainer-labo-3> --- * Similar to labo 2 devcontainer. * Uses a src subdirectory. * Has a cpprog module with expect() function. * See [README.md](https://gitlab.apstudent.be/cpp-programming/devcontainer-labo-3/-/blob/main/README.md) file in git repository. --- ```c++ import cpprog; int my_division(int numerator, int denominator) { cpprog::expect([&]{ return denominator != 0; }, "cannot divide by zero"); return numerator / denominator; } ``` Note: * How to use the expect() function for pre-conditions? * See also hello-contracts example in devcontainer. --- ## Clang-tidy ### bugprone-exception-escape --- Finds functions which may throw an exception directly or indirectly, but they should not. The functions which should not throw exceptions are the following: Note: * <https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/bugprone/exception-escape.html> --- * Destructors <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * Move constructors <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * Move assignment operators <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * The main() functions <!-- .element: class="fragment highlight-current-blue grow" data-fragment-index="1" --> * swap() functions <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * iter_swap() functions <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * iter_move() functions <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * Functions marked with throw() or noexcept <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> * Other functions given as option <!-- .element: class="fragment semi-fade-out shrink" data-fragment-index="1" --> Note: * When an exception escapes the main function, the application crashes. * Don't worry about the other functions yet. 😉 --- ### Solution Catch exceptions in the main function! --- ```c++ [] using std; int main() try { // ... return 0; } catch (std::exception const& e) { std::cerr << e.what() << '\n'; return 1; } ``` Note: * Print error message to the console error stream (STDERR). * Return 0 for success. * Return 1 for failure. * This is a convention. --- ## Debugger demo Note: * breakpoints * step, resume * variable watch * call stack (will be covered in a later session) --- <video controls width="600"> <source src="/cpp-programming-slides/slides/session_03_labo/assets/vscode_debugger_demo.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <img src="/cpp-programming-slides/slides/session_03_labo/assets/vscode_vscode_debugger_demo.png" alt="vscode debugger demo"> </video> --- ## Exercises See digitap.